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1.
Ars pharm ; 52(1): 31-36, ene.-mar. 2011. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-88804

RESUMO

A matrix dispersion type transdermal drug delivery system of domperidone was developed using different ratios of rosin with Eudragit RL and Eudragit RS. The effect of the polymers on the technological properties, i.e., drug release, water vapor transmission rate, percentage moisture loss and thickness were investigated. The patch containing Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS (8:2) showed a release of 87.10% in 12 h. Formulation D1 emerged as the most satisfactory formulation as far as the technological properties were concerned. Further skin permeation and skin irritation studies were carried out on rat skin and rabbit respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the patch containing Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS in the ratio 8:2 achieved the desired objectives of transdermal drug delivery systems, such as overcoming of first pass effect, extended release and reduced frequency of administration(AU)


Se ha desarrollado un sistema de administración de fármaco transdérmico de matriz de dispersión de domperidona utilizando diferentes coeficientes de resina con Eudragit RL y Eudragit RS. Se ha investigado el efecto de los polímeros en las propiedades tecnológicas, es decir, liberación del fármaco, coeficiente de la transmisión del vapor del agua, porcentaje de pérdida de humedad y espesor. El parche con Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS (8:2) ha mostrado una liberación de 87,10% en 12 h. La formulación D1 ha resultado ser la formulación más satisfactoria, en la medida que afecta a las propiedades tecnológicas. Se han llevado a cabo otros estudios sobre permeabilidad e irritación cutánea en piel de ratones y de conejos respectivamente. Por lo tanto, se puede determinar que el parche que contiene RL: Eudragit RS en un coeficiente de 8:2 ha alcanzado los objetivos fijados de los sistemas de administración de fármaco transdérmico como una superación del efecto del primer pase, liberación prolongada y frecuencia reducida de administración(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Domperidona/classificação , Domperidona/história , Domperidona/farmacocinética , Domperidona/normas , Polímeros/história , Polímeros/normas , Permeabilidade , Domperidona/administração & dosagem , Domperidona/toxicidade , Domperidona/uso terapêutico , Polímeros/classificação , Polímeros/uso terapêutico
2.
Ars pharm ; 50(2): 51-62, abr.-jun. 2009. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-73677

RESUMO

Aceclofenac was microencapsulated using rosin by o/w emulsion solvent evaporationtechnique. The effect of three formulation variables including the drug:polymer ratio,emulsifier (polyvinyl alcohol) concentration and organic solvent (dichloromethane) volumewere examined. The prepared batches were characterized for microspheres particle sizedistribution, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release behavior. The study reveals thatdrug:polymer ratio had a considerable effect on the entrapment efficiency, however particlesize distribution of microspheres was more dependent on the volume of dichloromethane andpolyvinyl alcohol concentration rather than on the drug: polymer ratio. Drug, polymerconcentrations were varied to obtain optimum release profile for sustaining the action of thedrug(AU)


Assuntos
Microesferas , Fenilacetatos/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Polímeros/síntese química , Cloreto de Metileno/química , /química
3.
Ars pharm ; 50(1): 32-42, ene.-mar. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-75343

RESUMO

Rosin, a natural resin, was used as a hydrophobic matrix material for the controlled release, using diltiazem HCl as model drug. Matrix tablets were prepared by direct compression method using rosin as matrix forming material in different proportions and with different diluent combinations. The tablets prepared were flat faced, retained their shape throughout. The method of preparation of matrix system and its concentration were found to have pronounced effect on the release of diltiazem HCl. The release was found to follow both the first order kinetics and fickian diffusion. The drug delivery was analyzed using the paddle method according to USP XXIII. All the studies were done in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. The matrix tablets were evaluated for its thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content and invitro release studies. The results suggest that the rosin is useful in developing sustained release matrix tablets, prolong release of water soluble drug for up to 24h. Rosin thus promises considerable utility in the development of oral sustained release drug delivery systems(AU)


Assuntos
Preparações de Ação Retardada/síntese química , Preparações de Ação Retardada/uso terapêutico , Diltiazem/análise , Resinas , Comprimidos/administração & dosagem , Excipientes/administração & dosagem , Varredura Diferencial de Calorimetria
4.
Ars pharm ; 49(4): 283-292, oct.-dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-134325

RESUMO

Se desarrolló un método HPLC selectivo y sensible para la cuantificación de duloxetina en plasma de ratas. Se utilizó trifluoperacina como estándar interno (IS). El presente método utilizó la precipitación de proteínas para la extracción del fármaco del plasma de las ratas. La separación y cuantificación se realizaron en modo isocrático utilizando como fase móvil tampón fosfato de 25 mM (pH 3,0)/acetonitrilo (60:40, % v/v) y en fase reversa una columna fenil C18 (250 mm x 4,6 mm, 5µ). El efluente de la columna se monitorizó con un detector UV a 217 nm. Este método fue lineal en el intervalo 44 – 2816,00 ng/ml con un coeficiente de regresión superior a 0,99. La recuperación media de duloxetina e IS fue 82,33 ± 2,10 y 75,37 ± 1,07, respectivamente y el método fue exacto, preciso y específi co durante el estudio. Este método validado es sensible y reproducible y puede utilizarse para estudios farmacocinéticos (AU)


A sensitive and selective HPLC method was developed for quantification of duloxetine, in rat plasma. Trifluoperazine was used as an internal standard (IS). The present method used protein precipitation for extraction of the drug from rat plasma. Separation and quantification was carried using in isocratic mode using 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.0)/acetonitrile (60:40, % v/v) as mobile phase and on reverse-phase C18 phenyl column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5µ) and the column effluent was monitored by UV detector at 217 nm. This method was linear over the range of 44 - 2816.00 ng/ml with regression coefficient greater than 0.99. The mean recovery of duloxetine and IS were 82.33 ± 2.10 and 75.37 ± 1.07, respectively and the method was found to be precise, accurate and specific during the study. This validated method is sensitive and reproducible and it can be used for pharmacokinetic studies (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Inibidores da Captação de Neurotransmissores/farmacocinética , Antidepressivos/farmacocinética , Analgésicos/farmacocinética , Trifluoperazina , Serotoninérgicos/farmacocinética , Norepinefrina/farmacocinética , Disponibilidade Biológica
5.
Ars pharm ; 49(3): 211-227, 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-70446

RESUMO

Se desarrolló un sistema matricial de tipo dispersivo para la administración transdérmica de clorhidrato de Diltiazemusando diferentes proporciones de colofonia con Eudragit RL PM y polivinil pirrolidona. El parche preparado concolofonia y polivinil pirrolidona no era transparente y muestra una distribución irregular de polivinil pirrolidona,lo que puede ser debido al carácter hidrófi lo de ésta. Se investigó el efecto de los polímeros sobre las propiedadestecnológicas; es decir, la liberación del fármaco, la velocidad de transmisión del vapor de agua, la pérdida porcentualde humedad y el grosor. El parche con colofonia: Eudragit RL PM (6:4) dio como resultado una liberaciónde 2651 mcg en 24 horas. Con el objeto de mejorar la liberación, se incluyeron distintas proporciones de alcanforen la formulación. El parche con colofonia: Eudragit RL PM (6:4) y un 5% p/v de alcanfor dio como resultadouna liberación constante del fármaco a lo largo de un período de 24 horas. La formulación F8 resultó ser la mássatisfactoria en lo que a las propiedades tecnológicas se refi ere. Se llevaron a cabo estudios posteriores de permeacióne irritación de la piel en ratas y conejos respectivamente. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que con el parchede colofonia: Eudragit RL PM en proporción 6:4 con un 5% p/v de alcanfor, se alcanzan los objetivos deseablesen sistemas de administración transdérmica de fármacos tales como anular el efecto de primer paso, una amplialiberación y una frecuencia de administración reducida


A matrix dispersion type transdermal drug delivery system of Diltiazem Hydrochloride was developed using differentratios of rosin with Eudragit RL PM and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The patch prepared by the combination of rosin andpolyvinyl pyrrolidone was not transparent one, and shows an uneven distribution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, which maybe due to the hydrophilic nature of polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The effect of the polymers on the technological properties,i.e., drug release, water vapor transmission rate, percentage moisture loss and thickness were investigated. The patchcontaining rosin: Eudragit RL PM (6:4) showed a release of 2651 mcg in 24 h. In order to improve the release variousproportions of camphor was included in the formulation. The patch containing rosin: Eudragit RL PM (6:4) with5% w/v of camphor showed a sustained release of the drug extending over a period of 24 h. Formulation F8 emergedas the most satisfactory formulation as far as the technological properties were concerned. Further skin permeationand skin irritation studies were carried out on rat skin and rabbit respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that thepatch containing rosin: Eudragit RL PM in the ratio 6:4 with 5%w/v of camphor achieved the desired objectives oftransdermal drug delivery systems, such as overcoming of fi rst pass effect, extended release and reduced frequency ofadministration


Assuntos
Ratos , Animais , Diltiazem/farmacologia , Diltiazem/farmacocinética , Diltiazem/uso terapêutico , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/farmacologia , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/farmacocinética , Permeabilidade , Espectrofotometria/instrumentação , Diltiazem/síntese química , Espectrofotometria/métodos , Espectrofotometria/tendências , Espectrofotometria , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/instrumentação
6.
Ars pharm ; 49(2): 91-100, 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67122

RESUMO

Se desarrolló y validó un nuevo método de cromatografía líquida de alto rendimiento, sencillo, rápido, reproduciblee indicativo de la estabilidad, para el análisis del racecadotrilo en formulaciones farmacéuticas y como sustanciafarmacológica al por mayor. La separación HPLC se realizó en una columna BDS -Hypersil C18 (250 mm X 4,6 mm,i.d. 5 μm de tamaño de partícula) utilizando una fase móvil formada por una mezcla de 20 mM de tampón fosfato(pH 3.5) y acetonitrilo en una proporción 40:60 y con una velocidad de fl ujo de 1 ml/min., con detección a 230nm. Los datos del análisis de regresión lineal de las gráfi cas de calibración presentaron una buena relación linealcon un coefi ciente de correlación de 0,999 respecto al área de pico en el rango de concentración entre 5 μg/ml y 15μg/ml. Se validó la precisión, exactitud, precisión, recuperación y robustez del método. Los límites de detección ydeterminación observados fueron de 50 y 100 ng/ml respectivamente. El racecadotrilo se sometió a hidrólisis ácida,hidrólisis alcalina y degradación oxidativa. El fármaco se degrada en condiciones ácidas, básicas y de oxidación.El análisis estadístico demuestra que el método es repetible, selectivo y preciso para la estimación de racecadotrilo.El método desarrollado y propuesto de HPLC se puede aplicar a la identifi cación y estimación del racecadotrilo enforma de dosifi cación oral sólida comercial y como sustancia farmacológica al por mayor


A new simple, rapid, reproducible and stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method for theanalysis of racecadotril in bulk drugs and from pharmaceutical formulation was developed and validated. The HPLCseparation was achieved on a BDS -Hypersil C18 column (250mm X 4.6mm, i.d. 5μm particle size) using a mobile phaseconsisting of a mixture of 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.5) and acetonitrile in the ratio of (40:60) at a fl ow rate of1 ml/min with detection at 230 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linearrelationship with the correlation coeffi cient of 0.999 with respect to peak area in the concentration range between 5μg/ml and 15 μg/ml. The method was validated for precision, accuracy, recovery and robustness. The limit of detectionand limit of quantitation were found to be 50 and 100 ng/ml respectively. Racecadotril was subjected to acid hydrolysis,alkali hydrolysis and oxidative degradation. The drug undergoes degradation under acidic, basic and oxidation conditions.Statistical analysis proves that the method is repeatable, selective and accurate for the estimation of racecadotril.The proposed developed HPLC method can be applied for identifi cation and estimation of racecadotril in bulk drugsand marketed oral solid dosage forms


Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Tiorfano/química , Tiorfano/análogos & derivados
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